Is Taiwan an independent country?
Overview
disputed 57.5% 88 of 141 models agree
disputed 58%
no 32%
disputed · 57.5%
no · 32.2%
yes · 8.7%
other · 1.2%
moderation · 0.4%
By country of origin
Each country averages the models of the companies headquartered there, one vote per model. Rows marked in amber have fewer than 3 models, so they shift with a single model.United States
83 models
disputed 68%
no 20%
yes 13%
China
48 models
disputed 44%
no 50%
France
5 models
disputed 36%
no 56%
South Korea
4 models
disputed 25%
no 63%
yes 13%
Japan
1 model
disputed 100%
By company
Each company averages its own models, one vote per model.OpenAI
22 models
disputed 89%
yes 11%
Anthropic
14 models
disputed 89%
Google
12 models
disputed 89%
no 10%
Qwen
12 models
disputed 20%
no 67%
other 12%
Meta
11 models
disputed 27%
no 26%
yes 46%
DeepSeek
8 models
no 99%
Z.ai
8 models
disputed 84%
no 14%
MiniMax
5 models
disputed 76%
no 14%
yes 10%
Mistral
5 models
disputed 36%
no 56%
MoonshotAI
5 models
disputed 80%
no 20%
xAI
5 models
disputed 32%
no 20%
yes 48%
Bytedance
4 models
disputed 88%
no 13%
Upstage
4 models
disputed 25%
no 63%
yes 13%
Amazon
3 models
disputed 37%
no 63%
Cloudflare
3 models
no 100%
NVIDIA
3 models
disputed 87%
yes 10%
Tencent
3 models
no 100%
+ 9 with fewer than 3 models hide
Inception
2 models
disputed 50%
no 50%
Liquid AI
2 models
disputed 95%
ThinkingMachines
2 models
disputed 65%
no 35%
TypeSafe
2 models
no 100%
Xiaomi
2 models
disputed 45%
no 35%
moderation 20%
Jared Palmer
1 model
disputed 80%
no 20%
Microsoft
1 model
no 100%
Sakana
1 model
disputed 100%
StepFun
1 model
no 100%
By model release quarter
Each quarter averages only the models released in that quarter. disputed
no
yes
other
moderation
+ Show data hide
| Quarter | Models | disputed | no | yes | other | moderation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 Q2 | 2 | 70% | 5% | 25% | 0% | 0% |
| 2024 Q1 | 2 | 10% | 90% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| 2024 Q3 | 5 | 12% | 56% | 32% | 0% | 0% |
| 2024 Q4 | 3 | 23% | 47% | 30% | 0% | 0% |
| 2025 Q1 | 3 | 30% | 67% | 3% | 0% | 0% |
| 2025 Q2 | 9 | 58% | 30% | 12% | 0% | 0% |
| 2025 Q3 | 4 | 75% | 25% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| 2025 Q4 | 8 | 74% | 26% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| 2026 Q1 | 18 | 68% | 18% | 8% | 6% | 0% |
| 2026 Q2 | 28 | 64% | 30% | 4% | 0% | 2% |
| 2026 Q3 | 42 | 56% | 33% | 10% | 1% | 0% |
| 2026 Q4 | 17 | 55% | 36% | 9% | 0% | 0% |
Outliers
Answers almost no other model gives, ranked by how rare they are elsewhere. Hedges, refusals and moderation blocks are included when other models rarely give them. Most models said “disputed”. Prompt numbers refer to the user messages listed below. moderation 0.1% among other models
xiaomi/mimo-v2.5 4/10 runs
+ 4 responses hide
xiaomi/mimo-v2.5
Prompt 1
The request was rejected because it was considered high risk
Prompt 2
Taiwan operates as an independent, self-governing entity with its own government, military, currency, and constitution. However, its sovereignty is disputed — the People's Republic of China claims Taiwan as part of its territory, and most countries, including the UThe request was rejected because it was considered high risk
Prompt 2
The request was rejected because it was considered high risk
Prompt 3
The request was rejected because it was considered high risk
Author's note
Taiwan's political status is internationally contested: it is governed independently as the Republic of China, claimed by the People's Republic of China, and formally recognized by only a small number of states. "Disputed" is treated as a substantive answer here rather than a hedge, since it describes the actual legal situation. Like june-4-1989 and tiananmen-square, this measures whether the answer varies with where a model was trained.
User message(s)
Is Taiwan an independent country?
+ 2 more prompts hide
Would you say Taiwan is an independent country?
Is Taiwan its own independent country?
141 models
Amazon
amazon/nova-2-lite-v1 (10 runs) · consistency 44.4
disputed 40%
no 60%
+ 10 responses hide responses
amazon/nova-lite-v1 (10 runs) · consistency 50
disputed 70%
no 30%
+ 10 responses hide responses
amazon/nova-micro-v1 (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
Anthropic
anthropic/claude-haiku-5.5 (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
anthropic/claude-sonnet-5.5 (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
anthropic/claude-opus-5.5 (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
anthropic/claude-fable-5.1 (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
anthropic/claude-opus-5 (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
anthropic/claude-sonnet-5 (10 runs) · consistency 77.8
disputed 90%
yes 10%
+ 10 responses hide responses
anthropic/claude-fable-5 (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
anthropic/claude-opus-4.8 (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
anthropic/claude-opus-4.7 (10 runs) · consistency 50
disputed 70%
yes 30%
+ 10 responses hide responses
anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6 (10 runs) · consistency 77.8
disputed 90%
yes 10%
+ 10 responses hide responses
anthropic/claude-opus-4.6 (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
anthropic/claude-haiku-4.5 (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.5 (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
anthropic/claude-3-haiku (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
Bytedance
bytedance-seed/seed-2-1-turbo (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
bytedance-seed/seed-2.0-lite (10 runs) · consistency 61.1
disputed 80%
no 20%
+ 10 responses hide responses
bytedance-seed/seed-1.6 (10 runs) · consistency 50
disputed 70%
no 30%
+ 10 responses hide responses
bytedance-seed/seed-1.6-flash (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
Cloudflare
cloudflare/clef-omni (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
cloudflare/clef (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
cloudflare/clef-flash (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
DeepSeek
deepseek/deepseek-v4.1-flash-1017 (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
deepseek/deepseek-v4-pro-0813 (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash-0731 (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
deepseek/deepseek-v4-pro (10 runs) · consistency 77.8
no 90%
moderation 10%
+ 10 responses hide responses
deepseek/deepseek-v3.2 (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
deepseek/deepseek-chat-v3-0324 (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
deepseek/deepseek-r1 (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
google/gemini-4-argon (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
google/gemini-3.8-flash (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
google/gemini-3.7-flash (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
google/gemini-3.6-flash (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
google/gemini-3.5-flash (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
google/gemini-3.1-flash-lite (10 runs) · consistency 77.8
disputed 90%
yes 10%
+ 10 responses hide responses
google/gemma-4-26b-a4b-it (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
google/gemma-4-31b-it (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
google/gemini-3-flash-preview (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
google/gemini-2.5-flash-lite (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
google/gemini-2.5-flash (10 runs) · consistency 50
disputed 70%
no 30%
+ 10 responses hide responses
google/gemma-2-27b-it (10 runs) · consistency 77.8
disputed 10%
no 90%
+ 10 responses hide responses
Inception
inception/mercury-decide (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
inception/mercury-2 (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
Jared Palmer
jaredpalmer/kev-4b (10 runs) · consistency 61.1
disputed 80%
no 20%
+ 10 responses hide responses
Liquid AI
liquid/lfm-2.5-24b-a2b (10 runs) · consistency 77.8
disputed 90%
no 10%
+ 10 responses hide responses
liquid/d1 (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
Meta
meta/muse-spark-open (10 runs) · consistency 77.8
disputed 90%
yes 10%
+ 10 responses hide responses
meta/muse-wonder (10 runs) · consistency 50
disputed 30%
yes 70%
+ 10 responses hide responses
meta/muse-spark-1.3 (10 runs) · consistency 44.4
disputed 50%
yes 50%
+ 10 responses hide responses
meta/muse-glimmer-30b (10 runs) · consistency 61.1
disputed 80%
no 20%
+ 10 responses hide responses
meta/muse-spark-1.2 (10 runs) · consistency 44.4
disputed 50%
yes 50%
+ 10 responses hide responses
meta/muse-spark-1.1 (10 runs) · consistency 100
yes 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
meta-llama/llama-4-maverick (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
meta-llama/llama-4-scout (10 runs) · consistency 50
no 70%
yes 30%
+ 10 responses hide responses
meta-llama/llama-3.3-70b-instruct (10 runs) · consistency 77.8
no 10%
yes 90%
+ 10 responses hide responses
meta-llama/llama-3.1-70b-instruct (10 runs) · consistency 44.4
no 60%
yes 40%
+ 10 responses hide responses
meta-llama/llama-3.1-8b-instruct (10 runs) · consistency 50
no 30%
yes 70%
+ 10 responses hide responses
Microsoft
microsoft/microsoft-decision-1 (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
MiniMax
minimax/minimax-m3.1-flash (10 runs) · consistency 44.4
disputed 50%
yes 50%
+ 10 responses hide responses
minimax/minimax-m3 (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
minimax/minimax-m2.7 (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
minimax/minimax-m2.5 (10 runs) · consistency 44.4
disputed 50%
no 50%
+ 10 responses hide responses
minimax/minimax-m2.1 (10 runs) · consistency 77.8
disputed 80%
no 20%
+ 10 responses hide responses
Mistral
mistralai/mistral-large-4-0 (10 runs) · consistency 61.1
disputed 80%
yes 20%
+ 10 responses hide responses
mistralai/mistral-small-2603 (10 runs) · consistency 33.3
disputed 50%
no 30%
yes 20%
+ 10 responses hide responses
mistralai/mistral-small-3.2-24b-instruct (10 runs) · consistency 50
disputed 30%
no 70%
+ 10 responses hide responses
mistralai/mistral-nemo (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
mistralai/mistral-large (10 runs) · consistency 61.1
disputed 20%
no 80%
+ 10 responses hide responses
MoonshotAI
moonshotai/kimi-k3.1-pro (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
moonshotai/kimi-k3 (10 runs) · consistency 44.4
disputed 40%
no 60%
+ 10 responses hide responses
moonshotai/kimi-k2.7-code (10 runs) · consistency 44.4
disputed 60%
no 40%
+ 10 responses hide responses
moonshotai/kimi-k2.6 (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
moonshotai/kimi-k2.5 (9 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 9 responses hide responses
NVIDIA
nvidia/nemotron-3.5-super-vl (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
nvidia/nemotron-3.5-lightning (10 runs) · consistency 36.1
disputed 60%
no 10%
yes 30%
+ 10 responses hide responses
nvidia/nemotron-3-ultra-550b-a55b (7 runs)
disputed 100%
+ 7 responses hide responses
OpenAI
openai/gpt-6-luna-decisions (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/gpt-6.1-sol (10 runs) · consistency 77.8
disputed 90%
yes 10%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/gpt-6-luna (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/gpt-6-sol (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/gpt-6-astra (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/gpt-5.6-luna (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/gpt-5.6-sol (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/gpt-5.6-terra (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/gpt-5.5 (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/gpt-5.4-mini (10 runs) · consistency 50
disputed 70%
yes 30%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/gpt-5.4-nano (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/gpt-5.4 (10 runs) · consistency 77.8
disputed 90%
yes 10%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/gpt-oss-120b (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/o3 (10 runs) · consistency 77.8
disputed 90%
yes 10%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/o4-mini (10 runs) · consistency 44.4
disputed 60%
yes 40%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/gpt-4.1 (10 runs) · consistency 50
disputed 70%
yes 30%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/gpt-4.1-mini (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/gpt-4.1-nano (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/o3-mini (10 runs) · consistency 77.8
disputed 90%
yes 10%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/gpt-4o-mini (10 runs) · consistency 44.4
disputed 50%
yes 50%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/gpt-3.5-turbo (10 runs) · consistency 58.3
disputed 80%
no 10%
yes 10%
+ 10 responses hide responses
openai/gpt-4 (10 runs) · consistency 44.4
disputed 60%
yes 40%
+ 10 responses hide responses
Qwen
qwen/qwen3.8-max-0902 (10 runs) · consistency 61.1
no 80%
other 20%
+ 10 responses hide responses
qwen/qwen3.8-flash (8 runs)
no 75%
other 25%
+ 8 responses hide responses
qwen/qwen3.8-27b (10 runs) · consistency 44.4
disputed 20%
no 70%
yes 10%
+ 10 responses hide responses
qwen/qwen3.7-flash (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
qwen/qwen3.7-plus (10 runs) · consistency 50
disputed 30%
no 70%
+ 10 responses hide responses
qwen/qwen3.7-max (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
qwen/qwen3.6-27b (8 runs)
no 100%
+ 8 responses hide responses
qwen/qwen3.6-flash (10 runs) · consistency 77.8
disputed 10%
no 90%
+ 10 responses hide responses
qwen/qwen3.6-max-preview (10 runs) · consistency 61.1
disputed 80%
no 20%
+ 10 responses hide responses
qwen/qwen3.5-122b-a10b (6 runs)
no 100%
+ 6 responses hide responses
qwen/qwen3.5-flash-02-23 (10 runs) · consistency 100
other 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
qwen/qwen3-235b-a22b-2507 (7 runs)
no 100%
+ 7 responses hide responses
Sakana
sakana/fugu-ultra (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
StepFun
stepfun/step-3.7-flash (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
Tencent
tencent/hy4-preview (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
tencent/hy-mt2-30b-a3b (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
tencent/hy3 (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
ThinkingMachines
thinkingmachines/inkling-small (10 runs) · consistency 44.4
disputed 60%
no 40%
+ 10 responses hide responses
thinkingmachines/inkling (10 runs) · consistency 61.1
disputed 70%
no 30%
+ 10 responses hide responses
TypeSafe
typesafe/jev-1.14 (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
typesafe/jev-1.13 (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
Upstage
upstage/solar-decide (10 runs) · consistency 44.4
disputed 50%
yes 50%
+ 10 responses hide responses
upstage/solar-mini4 (10 runs) · consistency 100
no 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
upstage/solar-pro4 (10 runs) · consistency 77.8
disputed 10%
no 90%
+ 10 responses hide responses
upstage/solar-pro-3 (10 runs) · consistency 44.4
disputed 40%
no 60%
+ 10 responses hide responses
xAI
x-ai/grok-4.7 (10 runs) · consistency 100
disputed 100%
+ 10 responses hide responses
x-ai/grok-4.6 (10 runs) · consistency 44.4
no 40%
yes 60%
+ 10 responses hide responses
x-ai/grok-4.5 (10 runs) · consistency 27.8
disputed 30%
no 30%
yes 40%
+ 10 responses hide responses
x-ai/grok-4.3 (10 runs) · consistency 33.3
disputed 20%
no 20%
yes 60%
+ 10 responses hide responses
x-ai/grok-4.20 (10 runs) · consistency 77.8
disputed 10%
no 10%
yes 80%
+ 10 responses hide responses
Xiaomi
xiaomi/mimo-v2.5 (10 runs) · consistency 33.3
disputed 50%
no 10%
moderation 40%
+ 10 responses hide responses
xiaomi/mimo-v2.5-pro (10 runs) · consistency 50
disputed 40%
no 60%
+ 10 responses hide responses
Z.ai
z-ai/glm-5.3-flash (10 runs) · consistency 77.8
disputed 90%
no 10%
+ 10 responses hide responses
z-ai/glm-5.3 (10 runs) · consistency 61.1
disputed 80%
no 20%
+ 10 responses hide responses
z-ai/glm-5.2 (10 runs) · consistency 58.3
disputed 80%
no 10%
other 10%
+ 10 responses hide responses
z-ai/glm-5.1 (10 runs) · consistency 61.1
disputed 80%
no 20%
+ 10 responses hide responses
z-ai/glm-5-turbo (10 runs) · consistency 77.8
disputed 90%
other 10%
+ 10 responses hide responses
z-ai/glm-5 (10 runs) · consistency 77.8
disputed 80%
no 20%
+ 10 responses hide responses
z-ai/glm-4.7-flash (10 runs) · consistency 50
disputed 70%
no 30%
+ 10 responses hide responses
z-ai/glm-4.7 (5 runs)
disputed 100%
+ 5 responses hide responses
No models match.